§ 194. Conclusiveness of order; appeal and review

(a) Filing of petition; bond

An order made under section 193 of this title shall be final and conclusive unless within thirty days after service the packer or swine contractor appeals to the court of appeals for the circuit in which he has his principal place of business, by filing with the clerk of such court a written petition praying that the Secretary’s order be set aside or modified in the manner stated in the petition, together with a bond in such sum as the court may determine, conditioned that such packer or swine contractor will pay the costs of the proceedings if the court so directs.

(b) Filing of record by Secretary

The clerk of the court shall immediately cause a copy of the petition to be delivered to the Secretary, and the Secretary shall thereupon file in the court the record in such proceedings, as provided in section 2112 of title 28. If before such record is filed the Secretary amends or sets aside his report or order, in whole or in part, the petitioner may amend the petition within such time as the court may determine, on notice to the Secretary.

(c) Temporary injunction

At any time after such petition is filed, the court, on application of the Secretary, may issue a temporary injunction, restraining, to the extent it deems proper, the packer or swine contractor and his officers, directors, agents, and employees, from violating any of the provisions of the order pending the final determination of the appeal.

(d) Evidence

The evidence so taken or admitted, and filed as aforesaid as a part of the record, shall be considered by the court as the evidence in the case.

(e) Action by court

The court may affirm, modify, or set aside the order of the Secretary.

(f) Additional evidence

If the court determines that the just and proper disposition of the case requires the taking of additional evidence, the court shall order the hearing to be reopened for the taking of such evidence, in such manner and upon such terms and conditions as the court may deem proper. The Secretary may modify his findings as to the facts, or make new findings, by reason of the additional evidence so taken, and he shall file such modified or new findings and his recommendations, if any, for the modifications or setting aside of his order, with the return of such additional evidence.

(g) Injunction

If the court of appeals affirms or modifies the order of the Secretary, its decree shall operate as an injunction to restrain the packer or swine contractor, and his officers, directors, agents, and employees from violating the provisions of such order or such order as modified.

(h) Finality

The court of appeals shall have jurisdiction, which upon the filing of the record with it shall be exclusive, to review, and to affirm, set aside, or modify, such orders of the Secretary, and the decree of such court shall be final except that it shall be subject to review by the Supreme Court of the United States upon certiorari, as provided in section 1254 of title 28, if such writ is duly applied for within sixty days after entry of the decree. The issue of such writ shall not operate as a stay of the decree of the court of appeals, insofar as such decree operates as an injunction unless so ordered by the Supreme Court.

(Aug. 15, 1921, ch. 64, title II, § 204, 42 Stat. 162; June 7, 1934, ch. 426, 48 Stat. 926; June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 32(a), 62 Stat. 991; May 24, 1949, ch. 139, § 127, 63 Stat. 107; Pub. L. 85–791, § 6(b), (c), Aug. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 944; Pub. L. 98–620, title IV, § 402(5), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3357; Pub. L. 107–171, title X, § 10502(b)(1), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 509.)

Codification

Codification

Former subsec. (i), which extended the former term “circuit court of appeals”, in case the principal place of business of the packer is in the District of Columbia, to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia, for the purposes of sections 191 to 195 of this title, was omitted from the Code as obsolete. The District of Columbia is a judicial circuit under sections 41 and 43 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure. See, also, Change of Name note below.

Amendments

Amendments

2002—Subsecs. (a), (c), (g). Pub. L. 107–171 substituted “packer or swine contractor” for “packer” wherever appearing.

1984—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 98–620 struck out provisions requiring proceedings in such cases in the court of appeals to be made a preferred cause and expedited in every way.

1958—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 85–791 § 6(b), substituted “thereupon file in the court” for “forthwith prepare, certify, and file in the court a full and accurate transcript of”, and “as provided in section 2112 of Title 28” for “including the complaint, the evidence, and the report and order” in first sentence, and “record” for “transcript” in second sentence.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 85–791, § 6(b), substituted “petition” for “transcript”.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 85–791, § 6(b), struck out “duly certified” after “admitted”.

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 85–791, § 6(c), substituted “jurisdiction, which upon the finding of the record with it shall be exclusive,” for “exclusive jurisdiction,” and section “1254” for “347”.

Change Of Name

Change of Name

Act June 25, 1948, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, as amended May 24, 1949, substituted “court of appeals” for “circuit court of appeals”, wherever appearing.

Act of June 7, 1934, provided that Court of Appeals in District of Columbia, should hereafter be known as the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia.

Effective Date Of Amendment

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–620 not applicable to cases pending on Nov. 8, 1984, see section 403 of Pub. L. 98–620, set out as an Effective Date note under section 1657 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.