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United States Code (Last Updated: May 24, 2014) |
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Title 7. AGRICULTURE |
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Chapter 54. TRANSPORTATION, SALE, AND HANDLING OF CERTAIN ANIMALS |
§ 2156. Animal fighting venture prohibition
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(a) Sponsoring or exhibiting an animal in, attending, or causing an individual who has not attained the age of 16 to attend, an animal fighting venture (1) Sponsoring or exhibiting Except as provided in paragraph (3), it shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly sponsor or exhibit an animal in an animal fighting venture.
(2) Attending or causing an individual who has not attained the age of 16 to attend It shall be unlawful for any person to— (A) knowingly attend an animal fighting venture; or (B) knowingly cause an individual who has not attained the age of 16 to attend an animal fighting venture. (3) Special rule for certain State (4) the term “animal” means any live bird, or any live mammal, except man. (h) Relationship to other provisions The conduct by any person of any activity prohibited by this section shall not render such person subject to the other sections of this chapter as a dealer, exhibitor, or otherwise.
(i) Conflict with State law (1) In general The provisions of this chapter shall not supersede or otherwise invalidate any such State, local, or municipal legislation or ordinance relating to animal fighting ventures except in case of a direct and irreconcilable conflict between any requirements thereunder and this chapter or any rule, regulation, or standard hereunder.
(2) Omitted (j) Criminal penalties The criminal penalties for violations of subsection (a), (b), (c), or (e) are provided in section 49 of title 18.
Codification
Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.
Section is comprised of section 26 of Pub. L. 89–544, as added by Pub. L. 94–279. Subsec. (i)(2) of section 26 of Pub. L. 89–544, as added by Pub. L. 94–279, amended section 3001(a) of Title 39, Postal Service.
Amendments
2014—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 113–79, § 12308(b)(1)(A), substituted “Sponsoring or exhibiting an animal in, attending, or causing an individual who has not attained the age of 16 to attend,” for “Sponsoring or exhibiting an animal in” in heading.
Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 113–79, § 12308(b)(1)(B)(i), (ii), substituted “Sponsoring or exhibiting” for “In general” in heading and “paragraph (3)” for “paragraph (2)” in text.
Subsec. (a)(2), (3). Pub. L. 113–79, § 12308(b)(1)(B)(iii), (iv), added par. (2) and redesignated former par. (2) as (3).
2008—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 110–246, § 14207(a)(1)(A), struck out “, if any animal in the venture was moved in interstate or foreign commerce” before period at end.
Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 110–246, § 14207(a)(1)(B), which directed amendment of par. (2) by substituting “State” for “state” in heading, was executed by making the substitution for “states” in heading, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–246, § 14207(a)(2), inserted heading and substituted “possess, train, transport, deliver, or receive any animal for purposes of having the animal participate” for “transport, deliver, or receive for purposes of transportation, in interstate or foreign commerce, any dog or other animal for purposes of having the dog or other animal participate”.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–246, § 14207(a)(3), inserted heading and inserted “advertising an animal, or an instrument described in subsection (e), for use in an animal fighting venture,” after “for purposes of”.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 110–246, § 14207(a)(4), inserted heading.
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 110–246, § 14207(a)(5), inserted heading.
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 110–246, § 14207(a)(6), inserted heading and, in last sentence, struck out “by the United States” after “Costs incurred”, inserted “(1)” after “owner of the animals”, and substituted “proceeding, or (2) in” for “proceeding or in”.
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 110–246, § 14207(a)(7), inserted subsec. heading, in introductory provisions, substituted “In this section” for “For purposes of this section”, in par. (1), substituted “any event, in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, that involves a fight conducted or to be conducted between at least 2 animals for purposes of sport, wagering, or entertainment,” for “any event which involves a fight between at least two animals and is conducted for purposes of sport, wagering, or entertainment”, redesignated pars. (3) to (5) as (2) to (4), respectively, in par. (4), substituted “mammal” for “dog or other mammal” and period for “; and” at end, and struck out former par. (2) which read as follows: “the term ‘interstate or foreign commerce’ means—
“(A) any movement between any place in a State to any place in another State or between places in the same State through another State; or
“(B) any movement from a foreign country into any State or from any State into any foreign country;”.
Subsec. (g)(6). Pub. L. 110–246, § 14207(a)(11), redesignated subsec. (g)(6) as (h).
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 110–246, § 14207(a)(11), redesignated subsec. (g)(6) as (h), inserted heading, and substituted “The” for “the”.
Pub. L. 110–246, § 14207(a)(8), redesignated subsec. (h) as (i).
Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 110–246, § 14207(a)(8), (9), redesignated subsec. (h) as (i) and inserted subsec. and par. (1) headings. Former subsec. (i) redesignated (j).
Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 110–246, § 14207(a)(8), (10), redesignated subsec. (i) as (j) and inserted heading.
2007—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–22, § 3(1), substituted “instrumentality of interstate commerce for commercial speech” for “interstate instrumentality”.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 110–22, § 3(2), substituted “such subsection” for “such subsections”.
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 110–22, § 3(3), added subsec. (e) and struck out former subsec. (e) which read as follows: “Any person who violates subsection (a), (b), or (c) of this section shall be fined not more than $15,000 or imprisoned for not more than 1 year, or both, for each such violation.”
Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 110–22, § 3(4)(A), struck out “or animals, such as waterfowl, bird, raccoon, or fox hunting” after “hunting another animal”.
Subsec. (g)(3). Pub. L. 110–22, § 3(4)(B), added par. (3) and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “the term ‘interstate instrumentality’ means telegraph, telephone, radio, or television operating in interstate or foreign commerce;”.
Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 110–22, § 3(5), added subsec. (i).
2002—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–171, § 10302(a)(1), added subsec. (a) and struck out former subsec. (a) which read as follows: “It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly sponsor or exhibit an animal in any animal fighting venture to which any animal was moved in interstate or foreign commerce.”
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 107–171, § 10302(a)(2), substituted “deliver, or receive” for “or deliver to another person or receive from another person”.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 107–171, § 10302(a)(3), substituted “subsection (c) of this section” for “subsections (a), (b), or (c) of this section”.
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 107–171, § 10303(a)(1), inserted heading and substituted “$15,000” for “$5,000” in text.
Subsec. (g)(2)(B). Pub. L. 107–171, § 10303(a)(2), inserted “or from any State into any foreign country” before semicolon.
Change Of Name
“United States magistrate judge” substituted for “United States magistrate” in subsec. (f) pursuant to section 321 of Pub. L. 101–650, set out as a note under section 631 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
Effective Date Of Amendment
Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective
Pub. L. 107–171, title X, § 10302(b),
Pub. L. 107–171, title X, § 10303(b),