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United States Code (Last Updated: May 24, 2014) |
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Title 7. AGRICULTURE |
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Chapter 41. FOOD FOR PEACE |
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SubChapter IV. GENERAL AUTHORITIES AND REQUIREMENTS |
§ 1733. General provisions
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(a) Prohibition No agricultural commodity shall be made available under this chapter unless it is determined that— (1) adequate storage facilities will be available in the recipient country at the time of the arrival of the commodity to prevent the spoilage or waste of the commodity; and (2) the distribution of the commodity in the recipient country will not result in a substantial disincentive to or interference with domestic production or marketing in that country. (b) Impact on local farmers and economy The Secretary or the Administrator, as appropriate, shall ensure that the importation of United States agricultural commodities and the use of local currencies for development purposes will not have a disruptive impact on the farmers or the local economy of the recipient country. The Secretary or the Administrator, as appropriate, shall seek information, as part of the regular proposal and submission process, from implementing agencies on the potential costs and benefits to the local economy of sales of agricultural commodities within the recipient country.
(c) Transshipment The Secretary or the Administrator, as appropriate, shall, under such terms and conditions as are determined to be appropriate, require commitments designed to prevent or restrict the resale or transshipment to other countries, or use for other than domestic purposes, of agricultural commodities donated or purchased under this chapter.
(d) Private trade channels and small business Private trade channels shall be used under this chapter to the maximum extent practicable in the United States and in the recipient countries with respect to— (1) sales from privately owned stocks; (2) sales from stocks owned by the Commodity Credit Corporation; and (3) donations. Small businesses shall be provided adequate and fair opportunity to participate in such sales. (e) World prices (1) In general In carrying out this chapter, reasonable precautions shall be taken to assure that sales or donations of agricultural commodities will not unduly disrupt world prices for agricultural commodities or normal patterns of commercial trade with foreign countries.
(2) Sale price Sales of agricultural commodities described in paragraph (1) shall be made at a reasonable market price in the economy where the agricultural commodity is to be sold, as determined by the Secretary or the Administrator, as appropriate.
(f) Publicity Commitments shall be obtained from countries or private entities, as appropriate, receiving commodities under this chapter that such countries or private entities will widely publicize, to the extent practicable, through the use of the public media and through other means, that such commodities are being provided through the friendship of the American people as food for peace.
(g) Participation of private sector The Secretary or the Administrator, as appropriate, shall encourage the private sector of the United States and private importers in developing countries to participate in the programs established under this chapter.
(h) Safeguard usual marketings In carrying out this chapter, reasonable precautions shall be taken to safeguard the usual marketings of the United States and to avoid displacing any sales of the United States agricultural commodities that the Secretary or Administrator determines would otherwise be made.
(i) Military distribution of food aid (1) In general The Secretary or the Administrator, as appropriate, shall attempt to ensure that agricultural commodities made available under this chapter will be provided without regard to the political affiliation, geographic location, ethnic, tribal, or religious identity of the recipient or without regard to other extraneous factors.
(2) Prohibition on handling of commodities by the military (A) In general Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the Secretary or the Administrator, as appropriate, shall not enter into an agreement under this chapter to provide agricultural commodities if such agreement requires or permits the distribution, handling, or allocation of such commodities by the military forces of any government or insurgent group.
(B) Exception Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), the Secretary or the Administrator, as appropriate, may authorize the handling or distribution of commodities by the military forces of a country in exceptional circumstances in which— (i) nonmilitary channels are not available for such handling or distribution; (ii) such action is consistent with the requirements of paragraph (1); and (iii) the Secretary or the Administrator, as appropriate, determines that such action is necessary to meet the emergency health, safety, or nutritional requirements of the recipient population. (3) Encouragement of safe passage When entering into agreements under this chapter that involve areas within recipient countries that are experiencing protracted warfare or civil strife, the Secretary or the Administrator, as appropriate, shall, to the extent practicable, encourage all parties to the conflict to permit safe passage of the commodities and other relief supplies and to establish safe zones for medical and humanitarian treatment and evacuation of injured persons.
(j) Violations of human rights (1) Ineligible countries The Secretary or the Administrator, as appropriate, shall not enter into any agreement under this chapter to provide agricultural commodities, or to finance the sale of agricultural commodities, to the government of any country determined by the President to engage in a consistent pattern of gross violations of internationally recognized human rights, including— (A) the torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment of individuals; (B) the prolonged detention of individuals without charges; (C) the responsibility for causing the disappearance of individuals through the abduction and clandestine detention of such individuals; or (D) other flagrant denials of the right to life, liberty, and the security of persons. (2) Waiver Paragraph (1) shall not prohibit the provision of assistance to such a country if the assistance is targeted to the most needy people in such country and is made available in such country through channels other than the government.
(k) Abortion prohibition Local currencies that are made available for use under this chapter may not be used to pay for the performance of abortions as a method of family planning or to motivate or coerce any person to practice abortions.
(l) Sale procedure (1) In general Subsections (b) and (h) of this section shall apply to sales of commodities in recipient countries to generate proceeds to carry out projects under— (A) subchapters II and III of this chapter; (B) section 1431(b) of this title; and (C) the Food for Progress Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1736o). (2) Currency A sale described in paragraph (1) may be made in United States dollars or other currencies.
(m) Report on use of funds (1) Report required Not later than 180 days after February 7, 2014 , and annually thereafter, the Administrator shall submit to Congress a report that—(A) specifies the amount of funds (including funds for administrative costs, indirect cost recovery, internal transportation, storage, and handling, and associated distribution costs) provided to each eligible organization that received assistance under this chapter in the previous fiscal year; (B) describes how those funds were used by the eligible organization; (C) describes the actual rate of return for each commodity made available under this chapter, including— (i) factors that influenced the rate of return; and (ii) for the commodity, the costs of bagging or further processing, ocean transportation, inland transportation in the recipient country, storage costs, and any other information that the Administrator determines to be necessary; and (D) for each instance in which a commodity was made available under this chapter at a rate of return less than 70 percent, describes the reasons for the rate of return realized. (2) Rate of return described For purposes of applying paragraph (1)(C), the rate of return for a commodity shall be equal to the proportion that— (A) the proceeds the implementing partners generate through monetization; bears to (B) the cost to the Federal Government to procure and ship the commodity to a recipient country for monetization.
References In Text
The Food for Progress Act of 1985, referred to in subsec. (l)(1)(C), is Pub. L. 99–198, title XI, § 1110,
Amendments
2014—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 113–79, § 3008(a), inserted at end “The Secretary or the Administrator, as appropriate, shall seek information, as part of the regular proposal and submission process, from implementing agencies on the potential costs and benefits to the local economy of sales of agricultural commodities within the recipient country.”
Subsec. (m). Pub. L. 113–79, § 3008(b), added subsec. (m).
2002—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 107–171, § 3009(a)(1), designated existing provisions as par. (1), inserted heading, and added par. (2).
Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 107–171, § 3009(a)(2), added subsec. (l).
1996—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–127, § 213(1), inserted heading and struck out former heading “Consultations” and in text struck out “consult with representatives from the International Monetary Fund, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the World Bank, and other donor organizations to” before “ensure that”.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–127, § 213(2), struck out “from countries” after “require commitments” and substituted “or use for other” for “for use for other”.
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 104–127, § 213(3), inserted “or private entities, as appropriate,” after “from countries” and “or private entities” after “such countries”.
Subsec. (i)(2)(C). Pub. L. 104–127, § 213(4), struck out heading and text of subpar. (C). Text read as follows: “Not later than 30 days after an authorization is provided under subparagraph (B), the Secretary or the Administrator, as appropriate, shall prepare and submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report concerning such authorization and include in any such report the reason for the authorization, including an explanation of why no alternatives to such handling or distribution were available.”
1991—Subsec. (i)(2)(C). Pub. L. 102–237 substituted “committees” for “Committees”.
1990—Pub. L. 101–624 amended section generally, substituting present provisions for provisions authorizing appropriations necessary for this chapter, classifying such expenditures under international affairs and finance rather than agriculture, valuing commodity, for purpose of reimbursing Commodity Credit Corporation, at price not greater than export market price at time commodity was made available, and authorizing President to transfer up to 15 percent of funding for any fiscal year from any subchapter of this chapter to any other subchapter.
1981—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–98 inserted “a price not greater than”.
1980—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–533 added subsec. (c).
1977—Pub. L. 95–113 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b).
1966—Pub. L. 89–808 substituted provisions for authorization of appropriations, including reimbursement of Commodity Credit Corporation, and classification of expenditures, formerly covered in former section 1703(a) of this title, for provision for payment for commodities, now provided for by section 1706(a) of this title.
1964—Pub. L. 88–638 substituted “less than the minimum rate required by section 2161 of Title 22 for loans made under that section” for “more than the cost of the funds to the United States Treasury as determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, taking into consideration the current average market yields on outstanding marketable obligations of the United States having maturity comparable to the maturities of loans made by the President under this section”.
1962—Pub. L. 87–703 substituted “reasonable” for “approximately equal” annual amounts and provided for deferral of date for beginning annual payment.
Effective Date Of Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 101–624 effective
Amendment by Pub. L. 97–98 effective
Amendment by Pub. L. 95–113 effective
Amendment by Pub. L. 89–808 effective
Delegation Of Functions
Functions of President under subsec. (j) of this section delegated to Secretary of State by section 4(b) of Ex. Ord. No. 12752,