§ 13992. Training provided by grants

Training provided pursuant to grants made under this part may include current information, existing studies, or current data on—

(1) the nature and incidence of rape and sexual assault by strangers and nonstrangers, marital rape, and incest;

(2) the underreporting of rape, sexual assault, and child sexual abuse;

(3) the physical, psychological, and economic impact of rape and sexual assault on the victim, the costs to society, and the implications for sentencing;

(4) the psychology of sex offenders, their high rate of recidivism, and the implications for sentencing;

(5) the historical evolution of laws and attitudes on rape and sexual assault;

(6) sex stereotyping of female and male victims of rape and sexual assault, racial stereotyping of rape victims and defendants, and the impact of such stereotypes on credibility of witnesses, sentencing, and other aspects of the administration of justice;

(7) application of rape shield laws and other limits on introduction of evidence that may subject victims to improper sex stereotyping and harassment in both rape and nonrape cases, including the need for sua sponte judicial intervention in inappropriate cross-examination;

(8) the use of expert witness testimony on rape trauma syndrome, child sexual abuse accommodation syndrome, post-traumatic stress syndrome, and similar issues;

(9) the legitimate reasons why victims of rape, sexual assault, and incest may refuse to testify against a defendant;

(10) the nature and incidence of domestic violence and dating violence (as defined in section 3796gg–2

(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40412, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1943; Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, title IV, § 1406(a)(1), (d)(2), Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1515, 1517.)

References In Text

References in Text

Section 3796gg–2 of this title, referred to in par. (10), was subsequently repealed and a new section 3796gg–2 enacted which does not define the terms “domestic violence” or “dating violence”. However, such terms are defined in section 13925 of this title.

Amendments

Amendments

2000—Par. (10). Pub. L. 106–386, § 1406(d)(2)(A), inserted “and dating violence (as defined in section 3796gg–2 of this title)” before the semicolon.

Par. (11). Pub. L. 106–386, § 1406(d)(2)(B), inserted “and dating violence” after “domestic violence”.

Par. (13). Pub. L. 106–386, § 1406(d)(2)(C), inserted “and dating violence” after “domestic violence” in two places.

Par. (17). Pub. L. 106–386, § 1406(d)(2)(D), inserted “or dating violence” after “domestic violence” in two places.

Par. (18). Pub. L. 106–386, § 1406(d)(2)(E), inserted “and dating violence” after “domestic violence”.

Pars. (20) to (22). Pub. L. 106–386, § 1406(a)(1), added pars. (20) to (22).