Title 39. POSTAL SERVICE  


Part I. GENERAL
Part II. PERSONNEL
Part III. MODERNIZATION AND FISCAL ADMINISTRATION
Part IV. MAIL MATTER
Part V. TRANSPORTATION OF MAIL

Enacting

This title was enacted by Pub. L. 86–682, § 1, Sept. 2, 1960, 74 Stat. 578, and was revised and reenacted by Pub. L. 91–375, § 2, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 719

Miscellaneous

Current through 113-100+u1

Disposition Of Sections

Table I

This Table lists the sections of former Title 39, The Postal Service, and indicates the sections of Title 39, as enacted in 1960, which covered similar and related subject matter.

Title 39

Former Sections

Title 39

1960 Revision Sections

1–3

701

4, 5

707

6

710

7

709

8

1, 510

9

509

10, 11

2102

11a

Rep.

12

2102

13

Rep.

14

2102

31

3311

31a

3311, 3314

31b

3311, 3312

31c

Rep.

31d

3313

32

3312

33

Rep.

34

502

35

Rep.

36

502

37

2405

38

2209, 3315

39

3315

39a

3315, 3317

40

2406

41

Rep.

42, 43

2208

44

2404

45

2208–2210

46, 47

2209

48

Rep.

49, 49a

2403

50, 51

Rep.

52

2008, 6420

53–54a, 55

Rep.

56, 56a

711

57–57c

Rep.

57d

711

58–60a, 61–68

Rep.

69, 70

704

81

Rep.

82

703

83–103a

Rep.

103b

3334

104–108

Rep.

109

3555

110–112d, 113–120

Rep.

121

3555

122

Rep.

123

3556

124–127

Rep.

128

3332

129–131

Rep.

132

502

133

Rep.

133a

3336

134–136

Rep.

136a

3335

137–139a, 140

Rep.

141–145

712

151

6106

152

6001

153, 153a

6002

153b

Rep.

154

3116

155, 156

6003

157

502

158

705, 6004

159–160a

705

161

705, 2011

162

6002, 6005

163

Rep.

164

2004

165

2501, 6006

166

Rep.

167

2009, 6006, 6007

168

Rep.

169, 169a

6007

170

Rep.

171

501

172

Rep.

173, 174

3115

175, 176

Rep.

191

6005

192

Rep.

192a

3339

193

Rep.

194, 195

3113

196

3114

197, 197a, 198

Rep.

199

3543

200–207a, 208–211

Rep.

212

6009

213–215

3337

216–219

3338

221

4251, 4451, 4551

221a

4251, 4451

222

4251

223

4252

224

4351

225

4058, 4365

226

4354

226a

4352, 4357

226b

Rep.

227

4353

228

4366

229

4355

230

4356

231

4368; T. 18 § 1733

232

4352

233

4369

234

4367; T. 18 § 1734

235

4451, 4555

236–238

4451

239

4060

240

4002, 4551, 4555

240a, 240b

4552

241

Rep.

242

2001

243

4001, 4002, 4058

244

5006, 5007

245, 245a

Rep.

245a–1

5006

245a–2

5010

245b

Rep.

245b–1

5007

245c

5009

245d

Rep.

245d–1

5007

246 to 246a–1

Rep.

246b

507

246c

5007, 5008

246c–1

5008

246d, 246e

Rep.

246f

507

247

Elim.

248

4059

249

4365, 4453, 4555

250

4058, 4251

251

4058

252, 253

Rep.

254

6438

255

4003

256

4001, 4057

257

4004

258

4001, 4003

259

4005, 4057

259a

4006

259b, 259c

4007

260

Rep.

260a

507, 5012

261

4105

270

2301

270a

2302

270b

2303

270c

2304

270d

2305

270e

2306

271

4051, 4052

272

Rep.

272a

4109, 4110

273

4052, 4053

273a

4052

274

Rep.

275

2501, 2505

276

Rep.

276a

2501

276b, 276c

Rep.

276d

6006

277, 278

Rep.

278a

4101, 4102, 4103, 4105

278b

4106

279

708

280

4054, 4251, 4253

281

Rep.

282

4052

283

4358, 4359, 4363, 4364

284

4361

285

4052

286

4358

287–289

Rep.

289a

2302, 4352, 4358, 4359, 4360, 4362, 4452

290

4652

290a

4052, 4452

290a–1

4052, 4451, 4452

291

Rep.

291a

4052

291b

4421, 4422

292

4553

292a

4052, 4554, 6008

293–293b

Rep.

293c

4653

294, 294a

Rep.

295

4052, 4364

296–299

Rep.

300

4055

301, 302

Rep.

302a

4651

303

4253, 4254, 4303

321

4152, 4153

321–1

4152

321a

5003

321b–321h

Rep.

321i

2302, 4155, 4156

321j

4157

321k

4158

321l

4152, 4158, 4159

321m

4160

321n

4154

321o

2302, 4166

321p

2302, 4156, 5004

321q

2302, 4156

321r

4156, 4165, 4167

322

Rep.

323

4152

324

Rep.

325

4163

325a

Elim.

326

4162

327

4161

328

Rep.

329

4164

330

4152

331

4451, 4653, 4654

332–334

Rep.

335

4165

336

4167

337

Rep.

338

4152

351

2501

352

2004

353

Rep.

354

2503, 2510

355

2004

355a

2204

356

2503, 4251

357

2503

358

2502

358a

4251

359

Rep.

360

2504

361

Rep.

362

2503

363, 364

Rep.

365

2507

366

Rep.

367

2507

368

2508

368a

2508, 2509

369

Rep.

370

2507

371

2506

381

5001

381a

5005, 5011

382, 383

Rep.

383a

2204

384

Rep.

384a

5001

385

5002

386

Rep.

387

5001, 5005

338

Rep.

388a

5010

401–405

Rep.

406

4101, 4108

407

Rep.

408

4107, 4108

409

4103

410

4102

411

4105

421, 422

Rep.

422a

6412

422b

6413

423

Rep.

423a, 423b

6427

423c

6428

424

6402, 6405

425

6402, 6417

425a

6401, 6420

426

6402, 6418, 6419

427

6419

428

6417

429

6402, 6411

430

6402

431

Rep.

432

6421

433

6402, 6437

434

6401, 6402, 6407, 6414, 6415, 6416, 6422, 6423, 6424, 6425

435

6402, 6426

436

6402, 6405

437

6413

438

Rep.

439

6439

440

6424

441

Rep.

442

6424

443

6434

444, 445

6429

446

6430

447

6431, 6436

448

6432

449

6405, 6408

450

6410

451

6402

461

Rep.

462

4301, 4302

462a

4301, 4304

463

Rep.

463a

4303

464

Rep.

465

6301

465a–465f, 466–468

Rep.

469

4301

469a–469s

Rep.

470

6303

471, 472

Rep.

473, 474

6402

475

4301, 4302, 4303, 4305, 6301

476

2102

481

6101, 6105

482

6101, 6106, 6402

483

6101, 6106

484, 485

6101

486

6101, 6402

487

6101

487a

6408

488

4304, 6102

488a

4304, 6302

488b

6302

489

6440

490, 491

Rep.

492

6166

493

6402

494

902

495

4056

496

902

497

905

498

904

499

906

500

901

501

6107

502–506

Rep.

507

6433

508

Rep.

521

Rep.

522

4159

523

6203

524

Rep.

525

6203

526–528

Rep.

529

6203

530–536

Rep.

537, 538

6204

539

6203, 6207

540

6202

541

6203

541–1

Rep.

541a

6202, 6214

542, 543

6208

544–547

6209

548

Elim.

549

6208

550

Rep.

551

6209

552

Rep.

553

6209

554

Elim.

555

6210

556

6206

557

Elim.

558

6210

559

6211

560, 561

6203

562

6214

563

6207

564

6205

565

6215

566

6206

567, 568

6207

569

Rep.

570

6207, 6208

571

6215

572

Rep.

573

6203

574, 575

Rep.

576

6212

577

2102

578

6401, 6403, 6423

579

6403

601, 601a, 602, 602a, 603–607a, 608–618a, 619–623

Rep.

624

3333

625

3556

626

Rep.

627

3555

628, 629

Rep.

630

3582

631

3111

632, 632a

3333

633–637

Rep.

638

3116

639

4370

640

Rep.

651

6101, 6402

652

6101, 6402

653

6101

654

6101, 6409

655

6304, 6435

656

6106, 6406

657–666

Rep.

667

6403, 6404

668

Rep.

669

6103

670, 671

Rep.

672

706

673, 674

Rep.

691–693a, 694, 695

Rep.

696

502

697–699

Rep.

700

903

701

3555

702

Rep.

703

3556

704

3112

711

5101, 5102

712

506

713

2209, 5102, 5103

714

2209, 3316

715

2005

716

Rep.

716a

5102

717–719

Rep.

720

5102

721, 722

Rep.

723

5103, 5104

724

5102

725, 726

Rep.

727

5103

727a

2204

728

5103

728a

2202, 5103

729

5103

730, 731

Rep.

732

4005, 4057

733–738

Rep.

738a

5105

739

Rep.

751

5203, 5204, 5205

752

Rep.

753

5206

754

5210

755

5207, 5208

756

5211, 5213

756a

5223

757

5213

758

5213, 5217, 5219, 5220

759

5203, 5214, 5215, 5216, 5217, 5218, 5219, 5221

760, 761

Rep.

762

5212

763–765

Rep.

766

5201

767

5222

768

5206, 5208

769

5203

770

5209

771

5224

781

Rep.

782

1

783

1, 2209

784

1

785

708

786

2201

787, 788

Rep.

789

2408

790

2410

791

1, 2407

792, 793

Rep.

794

2207, 2208, 2401, 2402

794a

2202

794b

2211

794c

2206

794d

2302

794e

Rep.

794f

509, 2101, 2102

794g

Rep.

795

2212

801

Rep.

802

2006

803, 804

2004

805

508

806–808

Rep.

809

2004

809a–811

Rep.

812

3104

813–819

Rep.

820

3331

821–823a, 824–824e, 825

Rep.

826

2331

827, 828

Rep.

829

2007

829a, 829b

2203

830

6305

831–833

Rep.

834

3302

835, 836

Rep.

837

See T. 28 § 2710

838

See T. 28 § 2711

839

See T. 28 § 2712

840

See T. 28 § 2713

841

See T. 28 § 2714

842

See T. 28 § 2715

843

See T. 28 § 2716

844

See T. 28 § 2717

845

Rep.

846

See T. 28 § 2718

847, 847a

504

848, 848a

Rep.

848b

2202

851–856b, 857–861b, 862–862c

Rep.

862d

3557

863–867a, 868–876c, 877–878b, 879–890

Rep.

901

2115

902

2104–2108, 2110

903

2103

904

2110

905

2113

906

2111

907

2111, 2112, 2114

908

2109

909

2116

951

1, 3101

952

Rep.

961

3301, 3501

962

3502

963

3333, 3511–3531, 3582

964

3335

965

Rep.

971

3333, 3542

972

3543

973

702, 3544

974

3541

975

Rep.

981

3333, 3552, 3556, 3557

982

3553

983

Rep.

984

3558

991

3551

992

3559

993

3554

994

3555

995

Rep.

1001

3333, 3541

1002

3571

1003

3573

1004

3574

1005

3575

1006

3302, 3572

1007

3101, 3333, 3581

1007a

3576

1008

2008, 3542

1009

3543

1010

3544

1021

Rep.

1031

702

1032

3105

1033–1038

Rep.

1051

6351

1052

6352

1053

6106, 6352

1054

6353

1055

6354

1056

6355

1071

2231

1072

2232

1073

2233

1074

2234

1075

2332

Table II

This Table lists the sections of former Title 39, The Postal Service, and indicates the sections of Title 39, Postal Service, as revised in 1970, which cover similar and related subject matter.

Title 39

1960 Revision Sections

Title 39

New Sections

1

See 102, 2001

2

See 403

301

See 201

302

See 203

303

See 207

304

See 203

305

See 204

306

See 206

307

See 204

308

Rep.

308a

See 204

309

See 402

501

See 202, 401, 403, 404

502

Elim.

503

See 2002

504

See 403

505

See 407

506

See 408

507

See 404, 3622

508

See 401

509

See 404

510

See 401

701

See 403, 404

702

See 403

703, 704

Elim.

705

See 404, 406

706

Elim.

707–710

See 404

711

Rep.

712

See 406, 2601

901

601

902

602

903

603

904

604

905

605

906

606

2001–2006

See 401

2007–2009

See 404

2010

2201

2011

See 404

2101, 2102

See 401

2103

See 401, 2002

2104–2106

See 401

2107

Elim.

2108

See 401

2109

Elim.

2110–2112

See 401

2113

See 2002

2114

See 401, 410

2115

See 401, 2002

2116

See 2402

2201

See 2002, 2004, 2401

2202

See 2003

2203

See 2401

2204

See 2603

2205

Elim.

2206

See 2008

2207, 2208

See 401, 2008

2209

See 1001

2210

See 2601

2211

See 401, 2008

2212

See 2601

2231–2234

See 2003, 2010

2301

See 101

2302

See 101, 403, 3621–3623, 3641, 3661

2303

See 2009, 3401, 3403, 3621–3623, 3627, 3641, 3661

2304

See 2402, 3601, 3621–3628, 3641, 3661

2305

Elim.

2306

See 1005, 3621

2331

See 2402

2332

Rep.

2401

See 2601

2402

2602

2403, 2404

See 2601

2405, 2406

Elim.

2407

See 404

2408

2605

2409

See 2603

2410

2604

2411, 2501–2505

See 404

2506

405

2507–2510

See 404

3101

Elim.

3103

1011

3104

1009

3105

See 1001, 1006

3106

See 1003

3107

Elim.

3108

See 1001

3111

Elim.

3112

See 1010

3113, 3114

See 1001

3115

See 1008

3116, 3301–3303, 3311, 3312

See 1001

3313, 3314

Elim.

3315

See 1001

3316, 3317

Elim.

3331

See 1001

3332

Elim.

3333

See 1001, 1006

3334

See 1005

3335

See 1001

3336

Elim.

3337

See 1007

3338, 3339

Elim.

3501

See 1003

3502, 3511–3531, 3541–3544

Elim.

3551

See 1001

3552–3557

Elim.

3558

Rep.

3559, 3560

Elim.

3571

See 1001

3572–3577, 3581, 3582

Elim.

4001, 4002

See 3001

4003

3003

4004

3004

4005

3005

4006

3006

4007

3007

4008

Elim.

4009

3008

4010

3002

4051, 4052

See 404

4053, 4054

Elim.

4055

See 3681

4056

Elim.

4057

See 404, 3623

4058–4060

Elim.

4101–4103

See 404

4104

See 407

4105

See 404

4106

Elim.

4107

See 404

4108

Elim.

4109

See 404

4110

Elim.

4151

3201

4152

3202

4153

3203

4154

3204

4155

3205

4156

3206

4157

Rep.

4158

See 3207

4159

3208

4160

3209

4161

See 3210

4162

See 3211

4163

3212

4164

3213

4165

3214

4166

3215

4167

See 3216

4168

3217

4169

See 3401

4170

See 3402

4171

3218

4251

See 3623

4252

See 3682

4253, 4254, 4301, 4302

Elim.

4303

See 3401

4304

Elim.

4305

See 3682

4351–4357

Elim.

4358

See 3626, 3627

4359

See 3626, 3627

4360, 4361

Rep.

4362–4368

Elim.

4369

See 3685

4370

Elim.

4421

See 3626, 3627

4422

See 3626, 3627

4451

Elim.

4452

See 3626, 3627

4453, 4551

Elim.

4552

See 3682

4553

Elim.

4554

See 3626, 3627, 3682, 3683

4555–4559

Elim.

4560

See 3401

4651

Elim.

4652

Rep.

4653

See 3403

4654

3404

4655

3405

5001–5013, 5101–5105, 5201–5229

Elim.

6001, 6002

See 404

6003, 6004

Elim.

6005

See 101

6006–6009

Elim.

6101

See 5001

6102

Elim.

6103

See 5002

6104

See 5005

6105

5003

6106

See 5004

6107

See 101

6201

See 5201

6202

See 5202, 5210

6203

See 5007, 5203

6204

See 5203, 5204

6205

See 5204

6206

See 5205

6207

See 5206

6208

See 5207

6209

See 5208

6210

See 5209

6211

Elim.

6212

See 3662

6213

See 5210

6214

See 5211

6215

See 5212

6216

See 5213

6301

See 5401

6302, 6303

See 5402

6304

See 5403

6305, 6351–6355

Elim.

6401

See 5201

6402

See 5005, 5215

6402a

See 5214

6403

See 5005

6404

5601

6405

See 5605

6406

5602

6407

See 5005

6408

See 5605

6409

Elim.

6410

5603

6411, 6412

See 5005

6413

See 5005, 5605

6414, 6415

Elim.

6416

See 5005

6417–6421

Elim.

6422, 6423

See 5005

6424–6431

Elim.

6432

5006

6433

See 5007

6434

Elim.

6435

5604

6436–6440

Elim.

Table III

This Table lists the sections of Title 39, Postal Service, as revised in 1970, and indicates the sections of former Title 39, The Postal Service, which covered similar and related subject matter.

Title 39

New Sections

Title 39

Former Sections

101

2301, 2302, 6005, 6107

102

1

201

301

202

501

203

302, 304

204

305, 307, 308a

205

206

306

207

303

208

401

501, 508, 510, 2001–2006, 2101–2106, 2108, 2110–2112, 2114, 2115, 2207, 2208, 2211

402

309

403

2, 501, 504, 701, 702, 2302

404

501, 507, 509, 701, 705, 707–710, 2007–2009, 2011, 2407, 2411, 2501–2505, 2507–2510, 4051, 4052, 4057, 4101–4103, 4105, 4107, 4109, 6001, 6002

405

2506

406

705, 712

407

505, 4104

408

506

409

410

2114

411, 412

601

901

602

902

603

903

604

904

605

905

606

906

1001

2209, 3105, 3108, 3113, 3114, 3116, 3301–3303, 3311, 3312, 3315, 3331, 3333, 3335, 3551, 3571

1002

1003

3106, 3501

1004

1005

2306, 3334

1006

3105, 3333

1007

3337

1008

3115

1009

3104

1010

3112

1011

3103

1201–1209

2001

1

2002

503, 2103, 2113, 2115, 2201

2003

2202, 2231–2234

2004

2201

2005–2007

2008

2206–2208, 2211

2009

2303

2010

2231–2234

2201

2010

2401

2201, 2203

2402

2116, 2304, 2331

2601

712, 2210, 2212, 2401, 2403, 2404

2602

2402

2603

2204, 2409

2604

2410

2605

2408

3001

4001, 4002

3002

4010

3003

4003

3004

4004

3005

4005

3006

4006

3007

4007

3008

4009

3009–3011

3201

4151

3202

4152

3203

4153

3204

4154

3205

4155

3206

4156

3207

4158

3208

4159

3209

4160

3210

4161

3211

4162

3212

4163

3213

4164

3214

4165

3215

4166

3216

4167

3217

4168

3218

4171

3401

2303, 4169, 4303, 4560

3402

4170

3403

2303, 4653

3404

4654

3405

4655

3601

2304

3602–3604

3621

2302–2304, 2306

3622

507, 2302–2304

3623

2302–2304, 4057, 4251

3624

2304

3625

2304

3626

2304, 4358, 4359, 4421, 4422, 4452, 4554

3627

2303, 2304, 4358, 4359, 4421, 4422, 4452, 4554

3628

2304

3641

2302–2304

3661

2302–2304

3662

6212

3681

4055

3682

4252, 4305, 4552, 4554

3683

4554

3684

3685

4369

5001

6101

5002

6103

5003

6105

5004

6106

5005

6104, 6402, 6403, 6407, 6411–6413, 6416, 6422, 6423

5006

6432

5007

6203, 6433

5201

6201, 6401

5202

6202

5203

6203, 6204

5204

6204, 6205

5205

6206

5206

6207

5207

6208

5208

6209

5209

6210

5210

6202, 6213

5211

6214

5212

6215

5213

6216

5214

6402a

5215

6402

5401

6301

5402

6302, 6303

5403

6304

5601

6404

5602

6406

5603

6410

5604

6435

5605

6405, 6408, 6413

Miscellaneous

Positive Law

This title was enacted into law by Pub. L. 91–375, § 2, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 719, which provided that: “Title 39, United States Code, is revised and reenacted, and the sections thereof may be cited as 39 U.S.C. § _”.

Effective Dates

Pub. L. 91–375, § 15, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 787, provided that:“(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, this section and sections 9 through 13 of this Act [set out as notes below and under sections 1001, 1003, 1201, and 2004 of this title], and sections 202, 203, 205(b) and (c), 206, and 401(2), and subchapter I of chapter 36 of title 39, United States Code [sections 3601 to 3604 of this title], as enacted by section 2 of this Act, shall become effective on the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 12, 1970]. Except as otherwise provided in this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title] the other provisions of this Act shall become effective within 1 year after the enactment of this Act [Aug. 12, 1970] on the date or dates established therefor by the Board of Governors and published by it in the Federal Register. References to the Postal Service in any provision of this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title] (other than a provision referred to in the first sentence of this subsection) which becomes effective before the Postal Service commences operations shall be held and considered to refer to the Post Office Department until the Postal Service commences operations.“(b) Sections 3010 and 3011 of title 39, United States Code, as enacted by section 2 of this Act, and sections 1735, 1736, and 1737 of title 18, United States Code, as enacted by section 6(j) of this Act, shall become effective on the first day of the sixth month which begins after the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 12, 1970].”

The provisions of Title 39, as revised by Pub. L. 91–375, § 2, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 719, are effective on the following dates:

Effective Aug. 12, 1970, pursuant to section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375:

Sections 202, 203, 205(b), (c), 206, 401(2), and 3601 to 3604.

Effective Feb. 1, 1971, pursuant to section 15(b) of Pub. L. 91–375:

Sections 3010 and 3011.

Effective Jan. 16, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–5 of the Board of Governors of the U.S. Postal Service:

Sections 207 and 402.

Effective Jan. 20, 1971, pursuant to Resolution Nos. 71–7, 71–8 and 71–10 of the Board of Governors of the U.S. Postal Service:

Sections 101, 204, 403, 404(2), 410(b)(1), (c)(4), 1003, 2004, 2401(b)(c), 3621 to 3628, 3641 and 3681 to 3685.

Effective Mar. 1, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–13 of the Board of Governors of the U.S. Postal Service:

Sections 1001 and 1002.

Effective Apr. 13, 1971, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–14 of the Board of Governors of the U.S. Postal Service:

Section 410(a), (b)(2) to (6), (c)(1) to (3), (5), (6).

Effective July 1, 1971, all other provisions of Title 39, pursuant to Resolution No. 71–9 of the Board of Governors, which provided in part: “The Board of Governors establishes July 1, 1971, as the date upon which the Postal Service shall commence operations. All provisions of the Act [Pub. L. 91–375] not made effective on an earlier date shall become effective upon the commencement of operations.”

Savings

Savings Provision

Pub. L. 91–375, § 5, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 774, provided that:“(a) All orders, determinations, rules, regulations, permits, contracts, certificates, licenses, and privileges—

“(1) which have been issued, made, granted, or allowed to become effective—“(A) under any provision of law amended by this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title]; or“(B) in the exercise of duties, powers, or functions which are transferred under this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title];by (i) any department or agency, any functions of which are transferred by this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title], or (ii) any court of competent jurisdiction; and

“(2) which are in effect at the time the United States Postal Service commences operations, shall continue in effect according to their terms until modified, terminated, superseded, set aside, or repealed by the Postal Service (in the exercise of any authority vested in it by this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title]), by any court of competent jurisdiction, or by operation of law.“(b) The provisions of this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title] shall not affect any proceedings pending at the time this section takes effect before any department or agency (or component thereof), the functions of which are transferred by this Act but such proceedings shall be continued before the Postal Service. Orders shall be issued in such proceedings, appeals shall be taken therefrom, and payments shall be made pursuant to such orders, as if this Act had not been enacted; and orders issued in any such proceedings shall continue in effect until modified, terminated, superseded, or repealed by the Postal Service (in the exercise of any authority vested in it by this Act), by a court of competent jurisdiction, or by operation of law.“(c)

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection—“(A) the provisions of this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title] shall not affect suits commenced prior to the date this section takes effect; and“(B) in all such suits proceedings shall be had, appeals taken, and judgments rendered, in the same manner and effect as if this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title] had not been enacted.No suit, action, or other proceeding commenced by or against any officer in his official capacity as an officer of any department or agency, functions of which are transferred by this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title] shall abate by reason of the enactment of this Act. No cause of action by or against any department or agency, functions of which are transferred by this Act, or by or against any officer thereof in his official capacity shall abate by reason of the enactment of this Act. Causes of actions, suits, actions, or other proceedings may be asserted by or against the Postal Service or such official of that Service as may be appropriate and, in any litigation pending when this section takes effect, the court may at any time, on its own motion or that of any party, enter an order which will give effect to the provisions of this subsection.

“(2) If before the date on which any provision of this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title] takes effect, any department or agency, or officer thereof in his official capacity, is a party to a suit, and under this Act–“(A) such department or agency is transferred to the Postal Service; or“(B) any function of such department, agency, or officer is transferred to the Postal Service;such suit shall be continued by the Postal Service.“(d) The amendment of any statute by this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title] shall not release or extinguish any criminal prosecution, penalty, forfeiture, or liability incurred under such statute, unless the amending Act shall so expressly provide, and such statute shall be treated as still remaining in force for the purpose of sustaining any proper action or prosecution for the enforcement of such prosecution, penalty, forfeiture, or liability.“(e) With respect to any function, power, or duty transferred by this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title] and exercised after the effective date of this Act, reference in any other Federal law to any department or agency, officer, or office so transferred, or functions of which are so transferred, shall be deemed to mean the officer or agency of the Postal Service in which this Act vests such function after such transfer.“(f) Provisions of title 39, United States Code, in effect immediately prior to the effective date of this section, but not reenacted by this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title], shall remain in force as rules or regulations of the Postal Service established by this Act, to the extent the Postal Service is authorized to adopt such provisions as rules or regulations, until they are revoked, amended, or revised by the Postal Service.“(g) Notwithstanding section 202 of title 39, United States Code, as enacted by section 2 of this Act, Governors of the Board of Governors of the Postal Service may be paid $300 a day for not more than 60 days of meetings in each of the first 2 years following the effective date of such section 202 [see section 15(b) of Pub. L. 91–375 set out as an Effective Date note above].”

Provisions of section 5 of Pub. L. 91–375 effective within 1 year after Aug. 12, 1970, on date established therefor by the Board of Governors of the United States Postal Service and published by it in the Federal Register, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as an Effective Date note above.

Miscellaneous

Corresponding References

Pub. L. 91–375, § 6(o)–(q), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 783, provided that:“(o) Whenever any reference is made in any provision of law (other than this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title] or a provision of law amended by this Act), regulation, rule, record, or document to the Post Office Department, the Postal Service, the postal field service, the field postal service, or the departmental service or departmental headquarters of the Post Office Department, such reference shall be considered a reference to the United States Postal Service. Any reference to any officer or employee of the Post Office Department, the Postal Service, the postal field service, the field postal service, or the departmental service or departmental headquarters of the Post Office Department shall be deemed a reference to the appropriate officer or employee of the United States Postal Service.“(p) Whenever reference is made in any provision of law (other than this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title] or provision of law amended by this Act), regulation, rule, record, or document to a postal inspector or chief postal inspector of the Post Office Department, such reference shall be deemed to be a reference to the appropriate officer or employee of the United States Postal Service who performs duties related to the inspection of postal matters.“(q) Whenever reference is made in any law to title 39, United States Code, or provision of that title, as such title or provision existed prior to the effective date of this section [see Effective Date note set out above], that reference shall be considered a reference to the appropriate provision of title 39, as amended by section 2 of this Act, unless no such provision is included therein.”

Provisions of section 6(o) to (q) of Pub. L. 91–375 effective within 1 year after Aug. 12, 1970, on date established therefor by the Board of Governors and published by it in the Federal Register, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as an Effective Date note above.

Separability; Legislative Construction

Pub. L. 91–375, § 11, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 785, provided that:“(a) If a part of title 39, United States Code, as enacted by section 2 of this Act, is held invalid, the remainder of such title shall not be affected thereby; and if any other part of this Act [see Short Title note set out under section 101 of this title] is held to be invalid, the remainder of the Act shall not be affected thereby.“(b) An inference of a legislative construction is not to be drawn by reason of a chapter in title 39, United States Code, as enacted by section 2 of this Act in which a section is placed nor by reason of the caption or catchline.”

Provisions of section 11 of Pub. L. 91–375 effective Aug. 12, 1970, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as an Effective Date note above.