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United States Code (Last Updated: May 24, 2014) |
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Title 42. THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE |
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Chapter 6A. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE |
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SubChapter II. GENERAL POWERS AND DUTIES |
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Part D. Primary Health Care |
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SubPart ii. national health service corps program |
§ 254d. National Health Service Corps
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(a) Establishment; composition; purpose; definitions (1) For the purpose of eliminating health manpower shortages in health professional shortage areas, there is established, within the Service, the National Health Service Corps, which shall consist of— (A) such officers of the Regular and Reserve Corps of the Service as the Secretary may designate, (B) such civilian employees of the United States as the Secretary may appoint, and (C) such other individuals who are not employees of the United States. (2) The Corps shall be utilized by the Secretary to provide primary health services in health professional shortage areas. (3) For purposes of this subpart and subpart III: (A) The term “Corps” means the National Health Service Corps. (B) The term “Corps member” means each of the officers, employees, and individuals of which the Corps consists pursuant to paragraph (1). (C) The term “health professional shortage area” has the meaning given such term in section 254e(a) of this title. (D) The term “primary health services” means health services regarding family medicine, internal medicine, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, dentistry, or mental health, that are provided by physicians or other health professionals. (E) (i) The term “behavioral and mental health professionals” means health service psychologists, licensed clinical social workers, licensed professional counselors, marriage and family therapists, psychiatric nurse specialists, and psychiatrists. (ii) The term “graduate program of behavioral and mental health” means a program that trains behavioral and mental health professionals. (b) Recruitment and fellowship programs (1) The Secretary may conduct at schools of medicine, osteopathic medicine, dentistry, and, as appropriate, nursing and other schools of the health professions, including schools at which graduate programs of behavioral and mental health are offered, and at entities which train allied health personnel, recruiting programs for the Corps, the Scholarship Program, and the Loan Repayment Program. Such recruiting programs shall include efforts to recruit individuals who will serve in the Corps other than pursuant to obligated service under the Scholarship or Loan Repayment Program. (2) In the case of physicians, dentists, behavioral and mental health professionals, certified nurse midwives, certified nurse practitioners, and physician assistants who have an interest and a commitment to providing primary health care, the Secretary may establish fellowship programs to enable such health professionals to gain exposure to and expertise in the delivery of primary health services in health professional shortage areas. To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall ensure that any such programs are established in conjunction with accredited residency programs, and other training programs, regarding such health professions. (c) Travel and moving expenses; persons entitled; reimbursement; limitation (1) The Secretary may reimburse an applicant for a position in the Corps (including an individual considering entering into a written agreement pursuant to section 254n of this title) for the actual and reasonable expenses incurred in traveling to and from the applicant’s place of residence to an eligible site to which the applicant may be assigned under section 254f of this title for the purpose of evaluating such site with regard to being assigned at such site. The Secretary may establish a maximum total amount that may be paid to an individual as reimbursement for such expenses. (2) The Secretary may also reimburse the applicant for the actual and reasonable expenses incurred for the travel of 1 family member to accompany the applicant to such site. The Secretary may establish a maximum total amount that may be paid to an individual as reimbursement for such expenses. (3) In the case of an individual who has entered into a contract for obligated service under the Scholarship Program or under the Loan Repayment Program, the Secretary may reimburse such individual for all or part of the actual and reasonable expenses incurred in transporting the individual, the individual’s family, and the family’s possessions to the site of the individual’s assignment under section 254f of this title. The Secretary may establish a maximum total amount that may be paid to an individual as reimbursement for such expenses. (d) Monthly pay adjustments of members directly engaged in delivery of health services in health professional shortage area; “monthly pay” defined; monthly pay adjustment of member with service obligation incurred under Scholarship Program or Loan Repayment Program; personnel system applicable (1) The Secretary may, under regulations promulgated by the Secretary, adjust the monthly pay of each member of the Corps (other than a member described in subsection (a)(1)(C) of this section) who is directly engaged in the delivery of health services in a health professional shortage area as follows: (A) During the first 36 months in which such a member is so engaged in the delivery of health services, his monthly pay may be increased by an amount which when added to the member’s monthly pay and allowances will provide a monthly income competitive with the average monthly income from a practice of an individual who is a member of the profession of the Corps member, who has equivalent training, and who has been in practice for a period equivalent to the period during which the Corps member has been in practice. (B) During the period beginning upon the expiration of the 36 months referred to in subparagraph (A) and ending with the month in which the member’s monthly pay and allowances are equal to or exceed the monthly income he received for the last of such 36 months, the member may receive in addition to his monthly pay and allowances an amount which when added to such monthly pay and allowances equals the monthly income he received for such last month. (C) For each month in which a member is directly engaged in the delivery of health services in a health professional shortage area in accordance with an agreement with the Secretary entered into under section 294n(f)(1)(C) would not cause unreasonable disruption to health care services provided in the community in which such officer is providing health care services. (g) Conversion from Corps member to commissioned officer; retirement credits (1) The Secretary shall, by rule, prescribe conversion provisions applicable to any individual who, within a year after completion of service as a member of the Corps described in subsection (a)(1)(C) of this section, becomes a commissioned officer in the Regular or Reserve Corps of the Service. (2) The rules prescribed under paragraph (1) shall provide that in applying the appropriate provisions of this chapter which relate to retirement, any individual who becomes such an officer shall be entitled to have credit for any period of service as a member of the Corps described in subsection (a)(1)(C) of this section. (h) Effective administration of program The Secretary shall ensure that adequate staff is provided to the Service with respect to effectively administering the program for the Corps.
(i) Demonstration projects; waivers (1) In carrying out subpart III, the Secretary may, in accordance with this subsection, issue waivers to individuals who have entered into a contract for obligated service under the Scholarship Program or the Loan Repayment Program under which the individuals are authorized to satisfy the requirement of obligated service through providing clinical practice that is half time. (2) A waiver described in paragraph (1) may be provided by the Secretary only if— (A) the entity for which the service is to be performed— (i) has been approved under section 254f–1 of this title for assignment of a Corps member; and (ii) has requested in writing assignment of a health professional who would serve half time; (B) the Secretary has determined that assignment of a health professional who would serve half time would be appropriate for the area where the entity is located; (C) a Corps member who is required to perform obligated service has agreed in writing to be assigned for half-time service to an entity described in subparagraph (A); (D) the entity and the Corps member agree in writing that the Corps member will perform half-time clinical practice; (E) the Corps member agrees in writing to fulfill all of the service obligations under section 254m of this title through half-time clinical practice and either— (i) double the period of obligated service that would otherwise be required; or (ii) in the case of contracts entered into under section 254l–1 of this title, accept a minimum service obligation of 2 years with an award amount equal to 50 percent of the amount that would otherwise be payable for full-time service; and (F) the Corps member agrees in writing that if the Corps member begins providing half-time service but fails to begin or complete the period of obligated service, the method stated in 254o(c) of this title for determining the damages for breach of the individual’s written contract will be used after converting periods of obligated service or of service performed into their full-time equivalents. (3) In evaluating waivers issued under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall examine the effect of multidisciplinary teams. (j) Definitions For the purposes of this subpart and subpart III: (1) The term “Department” means the Department of Health and Human Services. (2) The term “Loan Repayment Program” means the National Health Service Corps Loan Repayment Program established under section 254l–1 of this title. (3) The term “Scholarship Program” means the National Health Service Corps Scholarship Program established under section 254l of this title. (4) The term “State” includes, in addition to the several States, only the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. (5) The terms “full time” and “full-time” mean a minimum of 40 hours per week in a clinical practice, for a minimum of 45 weeks per year. (6) The terms “half time” and “half-time” mean a minimum of 20 hours per week (not to exceed 39 hours per week) in a clinical practice, for a minimum of 45 weeks per year.
References In Text
Section 294n of this title, referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(C), was in the original a reference to section 741 of act
Amendments
2010—Subsec. (i)(1). Pub. L. 111–148, § 10501(n)(1)(A), substituted “issue waivers to individuals who have entered into a contract for obligated service under the Scholarship Program or the Loan Repayment Program under which the individuals are authorized to satisfy the requirement of obligated service through providing clinical practice that is half time” for “carry out demonstration projects in which individuals who have entered into a contract for obligated service under the Loan Repayment Program receive waivers under which the individuals are authorized to satisfy the requirement of obligated service through providing clinical service that is not full-time”.
Subsec. (i)(2)(A)(ii), (B). Pub. L. 111–148, § 10501(n)(1)(B)(i), substituted “half time” for “less than full time”.
Subsec. (i)(2)(C). Pub. L. 111–148, § 10501(n)(1)(B)(ii), substituted “half-time service” for “less than full-time service”.
Subsec. (i)(2)(D), (E). Pub. L. 111–148, § 10501(n)(1)(B)(iii), amended subpars. (D) and (E) generally. Prior to amendment, subpars. (D) and (E) read as follows:
“(D) the entity and the Corps member agree in writing that the less than full-time service provided by the Corps member will not be less than 16 hours of clinical service per week;
“(E) the Corps member agrees in writing that the period of obligated service pursuant to section 254l–1 of this title will be extended so that the aggregate amount of less than full-time service performed will equal the amount of service that would be performed through full-time service under section 254m of this title; and”.
Subsec. (i)(2)(F). Pub. L. 111–148, § 10501(n)(1)(B)(ii), substituted “half-time service” for “less than full-time service”.
Subsec. (i)(3). Pub. L. 111–148, § 10501(n)(1)(C), substituted “In evaluating waivers issued under paragraph (1)” for “In evaluating a demonstration project described in paragraph (1)”.
Subsec. (j)(5), (6). Pub. L. 111–148, § 10501(n)(2), added pars. (5) and (6).
2006—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 109–417 inserted before period at end “, except when such members are Commissioned Corps officers who entered into a contract with Secretary under section 254l or 254l–1 of this title after
2002—Subsec. (a)(3)(E). Pub. L. 107–251, § 301(a)(1), added subpar. (E).
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 107–251, § 301(a)(2)(A), substituted “health professions, including schools at which graduate programs of behavioral and mental health are offered,” for “health professions”.
Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 107–251, § 301(a)(2)(B), inserted “behavioral and mental health professionals,” after “dentists,”.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–251, § 301(a)(3), added subsec. (c) and struck out former subsec. (c) which read as follows: “The Secretary may reimburse applicants for positions in the Corps (including individuals considering entering into a written agreement pursuant to section 254n of this title) for actual and reasonable expenses incurred in traveling to and from their places of residence to a health professional shortage area (designated under section 254e of this title) in which they may be assigned for the purpose of evaluating such area with regard to being assigned in such area. The Secretary shall not reimburse an applicant for more than one such trip.”
Subsecs. (i), (j). Pub. L. 107–251, § 301(b), added subsec. (i) and redesignated former subsec. (i) as (j).
1990—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–597, § 401(b)[(a)], substituted reference to health professional shortage area for reference to health manpower shortage area in pars. (1), (2), and (3)(C).
Pub. L. 101–597, § 101(a), designated existing provisions as par. (1), substituted “For the purpose of eliminating health manpower shortages in health manpower shortage areas, there is established, within the Service, the National Health Service Corps, which shall consist of—” for “There is established, within the Service, the National Health Service Corps (hereinafter in this subpart referred to as the ‘Corps’) which (1) shall consist of—”, substituted “States.” for “States,” at end of subpar. (C), struck out closing provisions which read “(such officers, employees, and individuals hereinafter in this subpart referred to as ‘Corps members’), and (2) shall be utilized by the Secretary to improve the delivery of health services in health manpower shortage areas as defined in section 254e(a) of this title.”, and added pars. (2) and (3).
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 101–597, § 401(b)[(a)], substituted reference to health professional shortage area for reference to health manpower shortage area in par. (2).
Pub. L. 101–597, § 101(b), designated existing provision as par. (1), inserted at end “Such recruiting programs shall include efforts to recruit individuals who will serve in the Corps other than pursuant to obligated service under the Scholarship or Loan Repayment Program.”, and added par. (2).
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 101–597, § 401(b)[(a)], substituted reference to health professional shortage area for reference to health manpower shortage area.
Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 101–597, § 401(b)[(a)], substituted reference to health professional shortage area for reference to health manpower shortage area in introductory provisions and in subpar. (C).
Subsec. (d)(1)(A). Pub. L. 101–597, § 101(c), struck out “(not to exceed $1,000)” after “by an amount”.
Subsecs. (d)(2), (e). Pub. L. 101–597, § 401(b)[(a)], substituted reference to health professional shortage area for reference to health manpower shortage area.
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 101–597, § 101(d), added subsec. (h) and struck out former subsec. (h) which read as follows: “In assigning members of the Corps to health manpower shortage areas, to the extent practicable, the Secretary shall—
“(1) give priority to meeting the needs of the Indian Health Service and the needs of health programs or facilities operated by tribes or tribal organizations under the Indian Self-Determination Act (25 U.S.C. 450f et seq.); and
“(2) provide special consideration to the homeless populations who do not have access to primary health care services.”
Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 101–597, § 101(e), substituted “of this subpart and subpart III” for “of this subpart”.
1988—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–607 substituted “osteopathic medicine” for “osteopathy”.
1987—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–177, § 202(b)(1), inserted reference to Loan Repayment Program.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–177, § 202(b)(2), made technical amendment to reference to section 254n of this title to reflect renumbering of corresponding section of original act.
Subsecs. (d)(2), (f). Pub. L. 100–177, § 202(b)(3), (4), inserted reference to Loan Repayment Program.
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 100–177, § 301(2), added subsec. (h). Former subsec. (h) redesignated (i).
Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 100–177, §§ 202(b)(5), 301(1), redesignated subsec. (h) as (i), added par. (2), and redesignated former pars. (2) and (3) as (3) and (4), respectively.
1981—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 97–35, § 2701(a), revised provisions and, as so revised, set out existing provisions in cls. (A) and (B), and added cl. (C).
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–35, § 2701(b), substituted “may” for “shall”.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 97–35, § 2701(c), inserted provisions respecting a written agreement under section 254n of this title.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 97–35, § 2701(d), in par. (1) inserted reference to member described in subsec. (a)(1)(C) of this section, in subpars. (1)(A) and (B) substituted “may” for “shall”, and added par. (3).
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 97–35, § 2701(e), substituted provisions relating to conversion from Corps member to commissioned officer and retirement credits, for provisions relating to school participation in development of administrative guidelines.
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 97–35, § 2701(f), in par. (1) substituted “Health and Human Services” for “Health, Education, and Welfare”, in par. (2) substituted “254l” for “294t”, and in par. (3) inserted reference to Commonwealth with respect to the Northern Mariana Islands.
Effective Date Of Amendment
Pub. L. 101–597, title V, § 501,
Miscellaneous
For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding section 1681 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.
Pub. L. 95–626, title I, § 116(c),
Effective Date
Pub. L. 94–484, title IV, § 407(c),